The Afro-Arab Cooperation was first institutionalized through a Declaration and Program of Action adopted by the historical First Africa-Arab Summit held in Cairo, Egypt in March 1977. The Africa-Arab Partnership is the oldest cooperation arrangement that Africa has entered into. Today the partnership builds upon the significant historic, linguistic, cultural and religious ties between Africa and the Arab community.

 

The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation is an official forum between the People’s Republic of China and all states in Africa (with the exception of the Kingdom of Eswatini). The forum is a platform to promote diplomatic, trade, security and investment relations between China and African countries and it provides the integrated framework governing China-African relations.

 

The Africa-EU Partnership is the formal channel through which the European Union and the African continent work together. It is based on the Joint Africa-EU Strategy adopted by Heads of State and Government at the second EU-Africa Summit in 2007.

 

India and Africa have strong economic, cultural and historic ties. The Africa-India Strategic Partnership was launched in New Delhi, India during the first Africa-India Summit held in 2008. The seven cooperation areas of the partnership include: Economic Cooperation; Political Cooperation; Science; Technology; Research & Development; Social Development & Capacity Building; Health, Culture & Sports; Infrastructure, Energy & Environment; and Media & Communication. In recent years India has emerged as Africa’s fourth-largest trade partner behind China, the EU, and the USA while Africa has emerged as India’s sixth-largest trading partner behind the EU, China, UAE, USA, and the ASEAN region.

 

The Africa Japan Partnership was established during the first Tokyo International Conference on Africa’s Development (TICAD I), which was convened on October 5-6, 1993 in Tokyo, Japan. TICAD, is organized by the Government of Japan (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), the UN Office of the Special Adviser for Africa, UNDP, the World Bank, and the African Union. TICAD has been organized with the premise of promoting Africa’s development, peace, and security, through the strengthening of relations in multilateral cooperation and partnership, particularly with Japan.

 

The Africa-South America partnership is a new one for the continent but supports south-south cooperation. Currently, the diplomatic forum is a bi-annual and triennial forum promulgated by the 2006 Abuja Declaration. Although not much has transpired out of this partnership, attempts are being made to put in place the necessary mechanisms that would ensure it functions effectively. An Africa-South America Strategic Agenda and an Africa-South America Implementation Plan are the two key strategic road maps that this partnership follows.

 

Established during the first Korea-Africa Summit in 2006 in Seoul, Korea, the Africa-South Korea Forum was established to improve cooperation between the continent of Africa and the country of South Korea. The South Korea Cooperation summits is convened every 3 years. South Korea’s system of close government and business ties, including directed credit and import restrictions, is a model of economic success that attracts many African countries. Cooperation with the African continent is in the following areas: Development Cooperation; Trade and Investment; Peace and Security Cooperation; Agriculture and Rural Development; International Cooperation; Health Services; Education and Vocational Training; Eradication and Sustainable Development; Green Growth Initiative and Industrial Development.

 

The Africa-Turkey Partnership constitutes one of the prime orientations of Turkish foreign policy. Being an Afro-Eurasian state, Turkey’s policy of opening up to Africa is a reflection of a transient political and economic expectations. It is, foremost, the expression and natural result of the firm feelings of friendship and partnership between Turkish and African peoples. Turkey-Africa relations have gained substantial momentum since the declaration of Turkey as a strategic partner of the Continent by the African Union in January 2008.

 

The United States’ partnership with the African Union is one that is based on mutual interests and shared values. The US became the first non-African country to establish a dedicated diplomatic mission to the African Union in 2006. The US launched an official High-Level Dialogue with the AU in 2013, the Africa-USA Partnership Framework, to advance a partnership that is driven by four critical areas: peace and security; democracy and governance; economic growth, trade, and investment; and opportunity and development.